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Safer, higher energy density, honeycomb energy production cobalt-free battery offline.
Release time:
2021-08-12 14:45
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Resources are scarce and prices are high
Since cobalt has so many benefits, why are major battery manufacturers racking their brains to get rid of it? Everyone knows that rare is the most important thing, and the average abundance of cobalt in the crust is only 0.0025 percent, which is not only scattered, but also mostly associated with copper, nickel and iron, and its output depends on the mining of the corresponding copper-nickel ore. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, as of the end of 2019, the world's proven cobalt reserves were only 7 million tons. A few years ago, the price per kilogram of cobalt was no more than 180 yuan. However, since the fourth quarter of 2017, each kilogram of cobalt has risen to about 420 yuan. In 2018, the price of cobalt rose to more than 650 yuan per kilogram. Cobalt is already very expensive, accounting for about 10% of the cost of power batteries. The ternary lithium battery package of a new energy vehicle may contain more than 10kg of cobalt. If the recovery and reduction of cobalt consumption are not considered, there will be a "cobalt-free" state by 2026.
is not only expensive, but also the unstable supply
is expensive. It's a big deal to spend more money on it. Congo (DRC) is not only the country with the largest reserves of cobalt resources in the world, but also the country with the highest cobalt production, contributing about 70% of the world's cobalt production. But its turbulent political situation in recent years has affected cobalt production and prices, which are sometimes not available for money. In contrast to the domestic market, my country's cobalt ore volume is only 80000 tons, accounting for only 1.14 percent. It is not ranked in the world at all, but it is the world's largest cobalt consumer, with a degree of dependence on foreign countries of more than 80%. Cobalt is not only needed in the new energy vehicle industry, but also has important applications in many fields such as aerospace. It is a typical strategic resource.
The need for energy improvement
Since it is expensive and the supply is still unstable, then remove it, but what should be used instead? We mentioned earlier that there is nickel in the ternary material, which forms a cage for storing lithium ions in the battery cathode. The higher the content, the better the battery capacity. As the nickel content increases, the cobalt content decreases accordingly. In the pursuit of higher energy density of the battery wave, the use of higher nickel content of ternary materials is the current industry's common development trend, representing the direction of industrial upgrading. The pursuit of capacity enhancement and reduction of cobalt usage coincides.
removes cobalt from the power battery, which is theoretically feasible, but in practice it is very difficult. After the removal of cobalt, the cathode material will become a binary lithium nickel manganese oxide or a quaternary material nickel cobalt manganese aluminum (NCMA) polymer, and the composition of the material will change greatly, but the frame structure will remain unchanged. At present, LG Chemical, Panasonic and other battery giants are not yet able to mass produce cobalt-free batteries.
So what is single crystal technology? Most of the current mass-produced ternary lithium battery cathode materials are formed by the agglomeration of primary particles at the nanometer level, and the secondary spherical polycrystalline materials are about 10 microns. The essence of polycrystal is a collection of a large number of small single crystals. For example, white granulated sugar and single crystal rock sugar are both sucrose, white granulated sugar can be considered polycrystalline materials, and single crystal rock sugar can be considered single crystal materials. Single crystal materials have higher particle strength than traditional spherical polycrystalline particles, which is beneficial to improve safety and cycle performance. Through the breakthrough of two key technologies of cation doping and single crystal technology, honeycomb energy mass-produced cobalt-free batteries. The energy density of
is higher than that of lithium iron phosphate
The energy density of cobalt-free batteries is equivalent to that of ternary lithium batteries, and has the advantage of high energy density compared with lithium iron phosphate batteries. The energy density of the cobalt-free battery in this mass production line reached 240wh/kg.
More Than That, Because Cobalt-Free Battery Removes Cobalt Element with Price Original Sin, Compared with Ternary Lithium Battery, Cost Decrease Significantly, Only a Little Higher than Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery.
is safer than ternary lithium battery
As for safety, Honeycomb Energy said that cobalt-free batteries are better than traditional ternary lithium batteries in safety, similar to lithium iron phosphate batteries. For example, cobalt-free batteries can easily pass the hot box test at 150°C, while traditional ternary lithium batteries can only pass the hot box at 130°C.
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Which brand of Japanese Ni-MH battery is more stable and durable?
Under normal use of nickel-metal hydride batteries, generally speaking, the discharge time of power batteries with high capacity is long, and the discharge time of small capacity is short. However, there are two kinds of performance: stability and durability in the use effect. They become an important reference factor for positioning Ni-MH batteries, because if the stability and durability are insufficient, after encountering some abnormal use, Ni-MH batteries that show the battery life according to their capacity may have some variables, and even the high capacity is not durable due to insufficient stability. After testing five mainstream Japanese nickel-metal hydride battery brands, a Japanese media believes that Sanyo products are the most stable and durable.
Summary of Lithium-ion Battery Safety Test Items and Methods
Lithium-ion batteries and monolithic samples consisting of non-user replaceable batteries/lithium-ion batteries and their electronics. For non-user replaceable batteries, they should be installed in electronic products as a whole sample for the environmental safety test of lithium ion batteries in the standard. For non-user replaceable lithium ion batteries, they can be placed in electronic products as a whole sample, or the lithium ion battery can be taken out separately for the environmental safety test of lithium ion batteries in the standard. It is recommended to test as a whole sample first. As the test process may be deflated, smoke, fire or even explosion, it is necessary to take the necessary protective measures
Main battery type recycling methods and their recycling purposes
Different types of lithium batteries are widely used in different occasions, more scientific and economical recycling of waste batteries for reuse is a cause conducive to nature and human health. After hundreds of years of development, the basic recycling methods for major battery brands are the same in countries around the world. 1. dry batteries: alkaline manganese dry batteries and zinc manganese dry batteries, that is, generally referred to as carbon batteries and alkaline batteries. This type of battery is currently required to ban the use of mercury, so it is safe in life. For this reason, there is no requirement to recycle such batteries. Of course, those who are willing to recycle can engage in this aspect of business, and users do not have any in the garbage can.
Explosion-proof measures for battery and lithium battery
The safety of lithium-ion batteries has always been an important issue that plagues the industrialization of lithium batteries. The battery explosion accidents exposed in recent years are all caused by the use of lithium batteries. Compared with other types of batteries, this is determined by the special nature of lithium battery materials and processes. To this end, we should understand the knowledge of lithium battery explosion, we try to explain from the following three aspects. 1., the national standard stipulates that any part of the solid material within the battery is instantly discharged, and the distance that is pushed to the lithium battery above 25cm is called an explosion. The identification method in the experiment is: cover the experimental battery with a circular mesh so that the battery is located at the center of the circle, I .e. 25cm from any side of the mesh cover. If no solid part of the experiment passes through the mesh cover, it is proved that the battery has not exploded. Here, the "net" has a specific to show: the net wire adopts a soft aluminum wire with a diameter of 0.25mm, and the density of the net is 6~7/cm. 2. how to prevent lithium battery explosion All lithium battery explosions are caused by short circuit caused by battery heating, and the cause of short circuit and over charge, over discharge, positive and negative direct docking, electrolyte leakage and so on. Therefore, in the design of lithium batteries, the following points can be started: 1. It is forbidden to overcharge the battery to more than 4.2V; 2. It is forbidden to overcharge the battery to less than 2.75V; 3. An explosion-proof valve is installed on the metal shell; 4. Prevent short circuit in the process. The best way, of course, is to have a battery protection circuit board design. Although this will increase the manufacturing cost of lithium batteries, it is necessary for the safe use of lithium batteries. All regular lithium battery manufacturers can not avoid this design. 3. polymer lithium battery is the use of flexible packaging and polymer electrolyte made of a lithium battery products, under normal circumstances, the use of storage will not explode, unless man-made strong damage caused by its short circuit. In order to reduce the occurrence of explosion accidents, polymer lithium batteries are being used in more and more occasions. Although lithium batteries are still in the process of replacing other types of batteries, polymer lithium batteries have begun to replace ordinary lithium batteries in some areas.
Lithium Battery Market Analysis in 2020
The lithium battery industry market analysis report is an analysis of the lithium battery industry market size, market competition, regional market, market trends and the scope of attraction. It refers to the lithium battery industry market research and supply and demand forecasts, according to the market environment, competitiveness and competitors of the lithium battery industry products, analysis and judgment of the lithium battery industry products in a limited time whether there is a market, and what kind of marketing strategy to achieve sales goals or what kind of investment strategy to enter the lithium battery market. The main analysis points of the lithium battery market analysis report include: 1) lithium battery industry market supply analysis and market.
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